Ibrahim Umar KARAYE
Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University,
Sokoto – Nigeria
Muhammad HAYATU
Department of Plant Biology, Bayero University, Kano – Nigeria
Yahya MUSTAPHA
Department of Plant Biology, Bayero University, Kano – Nigeria
Lawan Abdu SANI
Department of Plant Biology, Bayero University, Kano – Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2021.28.1.878
Keywords: Antinutritional, Citrullus,
Cucumeropsis, Cucurbita, feed - formulation,
Lagenaria, nutritional.
Abstract: Biochemical characterization of the
seed extracts of the seeds of six selected Nigerian cucurbit germplasm
was carried out using standard biochemical procedures. All treatments
were replicated three times and the results presented as mean
± S.E. On proximate analysis, percentage moisture ranged
from (3.83±0.10%) to (5.17±0.65%) with the highest
in Lagenaria breviflora (5.17±0.65%) while the
least value (3.83±0.10%) was obtained in Cucurbita
pepo. Crude protein composition ranged from (32.66-0.11)
to (35.94±2.89%) the highest (35.94±2.89%) in Lagenaria
breviflora while the least (32.66-0.11%) was for Cucurbita
maxima. Crude carbohydrate ranged from (27.33±0.20)
to (36.66±0.2) with the highest (35.66±0.20) in
Citrullus lanatus while the least (27.33±0.20)
was for Cucurbita pepo. Crude lipid analysis showed the
range of values (31.33±0.27%) to (24.50±0.29%) with
the highest in Cucumeropsis mannii while Citrullus
lanatus had (24.50±0.29%). Crude fiber contents ranged
from (15.83±1.23%) to (5.68±0.87%) with the highest
(15.83±1.23%) in Cucurbita maxima while Lagenaria
breviflora had (5.83±0.07%). Ash content revealed
the range of values (9.17±0.52) to (5.86±0.29%)
with the highest (9.17±0.52%) in Cucurbita maxima
while the least (5.86±0.29%) was in Lagenaria breviflora.
Analysis of available energy (kcal.) revealed the range of values
(555.97±2.45) to (500.90±2.21 kcal) with the highest
in Cucumeropsis mannii while Citrullus lanatus
had (500.90±2.21 kcal). With significant difference (P=0.05)
in the contents of crude carbohydrates, lipids, crude fiber and
available energy in (kcal). Mineral analysis revealed nitrogen
(N) composition with a range of values (3.11±0.38) to (5.75±0.97
g/100 g) with the highest in Lagenaria breviflora while
the least (3.11±0.38) g/100 g was in Citrullus lanatus.
Sodium (Na) analysis revealed the range of values (11.83±0.79)
to (31.67±2.43) g/100 g with the highest in Cucurbita
pepo (31.67±2.43) g/100 g while Cucumeropsis mannii
had the least (11.83±0.79 g/100 g). Magnesium (Mg) analysis
similarly revealed range of values (22.00±1.18) to (34.60±2.17)
g/100 g with the highest in Cucurbita maxima (34.60±2.17)
g/100 g while the least value (22.00±1.18 g/100 g) was
in Lagenaria siceraria. Similarly, calcium (Ca) analysis
revealed the presence of the valuable mineral with a range of
values (10.83±1.32) to (36.67±2.76) g/100 g) with
highest (36.67±2.67 g/100 g) in Cucurbita maxima
while the least (10.83±1.32 g/100 g) was obtained in Cucurbita
maxima. Contents of phosphorus (P) revealed the range of
values (4.50±0.66) to (5.71±0.98) g/100 g with the
highest (5.71±0.98 g/100 g) in Lagenaria siceraria
while least (4.50±0.66) g/100 g was obtained in Citrullus
lanatus. More so, analysis of potassium (K) revealed a range
of values (1,266.67±3.67) to (2,266.70±3.69 g/100
g) with the highest (2,266.70±3.69) g/100 g in the seeds
of Cucurbita maxima while the least (1,266.67±3.67
g/100 g) was obtained in Citrullus lanatus. With significant
difference (P=0.05) among the species in the contents of sodium,
magnesium, calcium and potassium. Based on phytochemicals analyzed,
tannin content was highest in the seeds of Citrullus lanatus
with (29.66±2.26) while the least value (11.62±0.84)
was obtained in Cucurbita maxima. Volatile oil analysis
ranged from (25.47±1.90) in Lagenaria siceraria
while the least (11.68±0.69) was obtained in Cucurbita
pepo. There is significant difference (P=0.05) in the contents
of phenol between Citrullus lanatus and the other species.
Also, similar trend have been found to occur in the composition
of saponin glycosides, as well as the volatile oil. Based on these
results, it can be asserted that seeds of the members of Cucurbitaceae
are high in proximate, minerals and phytochemicals that could
be harnessed as food by man as well as used in animal feed formulation
strategies in addition to various vital applications of the phytochemicals
evaluated in the seeds.
How to cite this article:
KARAYE I. U., HAYATU M., MUSTAPHA Y. & SANI L. A. 2021. Nutritional
and anti-nutritional properties of the seeds of six selected nigerian
cucurbit germplasm. J. Plant Develop. 28:
139-150.
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2021.28.1.878
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