Lawal Gandi ABDULKADIR
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Adamu Aliyu ALIERO
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Hassan Muhammad MAISHANU
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Abdullahi Yahaya ABBAS
Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2022.29.1.896
Keywords: Artemisia annua, artemisinin,
germination, high performance liquid chromatography, soil type.
Abstract: Artemisia annua L. produce
an array of complex secondary plant metabolite including artemisinin
(ART), which kills the principal malarial parasite, Plasmodium
falciparum, a compound of current interest in the treatments
of drug resistant malaria. However, this compound remain expensive
and hardy available on global scale. Synthesis of ART has been
proved to be economically impossible. Therefore, increase in yield
of natural occurring ART is necessary. The study evaluated the
influence of soil types on germination, growth and artemisinin
content of A. annua of Chen Young variety in Sokoto agro
ecological region of Nigeria and. A greenhouse experiment was
conducted in 2017 at Botanical garden of Usmanu Danfodiyo University
Sokoto. The seeds were sown in plastic pots containing clay, sandy
and loamy soils in completely randomized design with 4 replications.
Germination percentage (G), Mean germination time (MT), Coefficient
of variation of the germination time (CVt), Mean germination
rate (MR), Uncertainty of germination (U) and Synchrony of germination
(Z) were evaluated. Growth parameter and Artemisinin content were
also determined. ART was determined and quantified with high performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) using calibration curve constructed
by plotting the peak area against the concentration (5, 10, 15,
20, 25 µg/ml) of ART standard solutions. The results revealed
that soil types had no significant effect on germination and growth
parameters evaluated (P<0.05). However, clay had the highest
G, MT and CVt than sandy and loamy soils. The highest speed of
germination per day was observed on sandy soil. Clay soil had
the least values of U (2.277±0.2 bit) while the degree
of overlapping germination was frequent in the clay (Z). The result
obtained shows that treatment had no significant effect on the
growth parameters evaluated (P<0.05). Artemisinin content was
significantly affected by soil type with the higher content in
sandy soil (37.73 µg/ml) follow by clay and loamy soils
with 17.90 and 15.70 µg/ml respectively. This study concludes
that A. annua seeds can germinate and survived on different
soils type in Savanna region of Nigeria. The study suggested the
use of sandy soil in cultivation of the plant for its influence
on high artemisinin content.
How to cite this article:
ABDULKADIR L. G., ALIERO A. A., MAISHANU H. M. & ABBAS A.
Y. 2022. Influence of soil type on growth and artemisinin content
of wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) Chen Young variety in
Sokoto. J. Plant Develop. 29: 79-93.
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2022.29.1.896
[PDF]
