Muhammad SHAFIQ
Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 –
Pakistan
Muhammad Zafar IQBAL
Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 –
Pakistan
Mohammad ATHAR
California Department of Food and Agriculture, 1220 N Street,
Sacramento, CA 95814 – USA
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2023.30.1.933
Keywords: fossil fuel, leaf damage, mineral nutrition,
root, seed germination, shoot, water potential, yield.
Abstract: The wet (rain, snow, fog, sleet, dew)
and dry (transport of aerosol, particles and gases) deposition
of acidic substance in environment results due to human, automobile,
fossil fuel burning and industrial activities. Acid deposition
is worldwide environmental degradation problems and in recent
years these acidic materials are increasing at alarming scale
in the environment both in developed and developing countries,
including Pakistan. Some scientific literature survey reports
suggest that plant growth and agriculture yield decrease due to
consequence of acid rain. In addition, acid rain is found responsible
for producing toxic effects on the morphological parameters of
agricultural crop. The evidence collected from last more than
fifty years showed the common significant effects of acid rain
on seed germination percentage, seedling height, root hair and
structure, alteration in leaf anatomy, size and area, stomatal
structure, size, pollen germination, photosynthetic pigments and
physiological changes in herbs, shrubs and trees. Still, little
is known on the impact of acid rain on plant growth. This study
was aimed to review the effects of acid mist on growth performances
of some selected plant species. This review is contributed with
the help of literature survey, research work published on the
impact of acid rain on the plant growth.
How to cite this article:
SHAFIQ M., IQBAL M. Z. & ATHAR M. 2023. The effects of acid
mist environment on plant growth: a review. J. Plant Develop.
30: 149-170
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2023.30.1.933
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