Ibrahim Umar KARAYE
Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto – Nigeria
Sule Aliyu ANKA
Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto – Nigeria
Musa Tanko MUHAMMAD
Department of Biological Sciences, Sokoto State University (SSU),
Sokoto – Nigeria
Shafi’u Isma’ila ADILI
Department of Environmental Biology, Shehu Shagari University
of Education, Farfaru, Sokoto – Nigeria
Muhammad Hannatu LAWAL
Department of Environmental Biology, Shehu Shagari University
of Education, Farfaru, Sokoto – Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2024.31.1.947
Keywords: nutritional, physicochemical, seed-oil,
Sesamum indicum, Vitellaria paradoxa.
Abstract: Nutritional and oil profile of the
seeds of Sesamum indicum and Vitellaria paradoxa
from Sokoto, Nigeria was carried out using standard biochemical
procedures. Proximate, ascorbic acid, mineral analysis as well
as extraction, quantification and the physicochemical analysis
of the seed oil were assessed. On proximate and ascorbic acid
analysis. The seeds were found to contain appreciable amounts
of crude proteins with 18.23% and 8.70% obtained in S. indicum
and V. paradoxa respectively. Lipid contents revealed
42.51% in S. indicum and 51.34% in V. paradoxa
respectively. Total carbohydrates revealed that 39.03% and 52.12%
were obtained in S. indicum and V. paradoxa respectively.
Crude fiber contents revealed 5.31 g/100 g in S. indicum
while in V. paradoxa, 7.11 g/100 g was recorded. Percentage
ash contents revealed 6.62% and 4.61% in S. indicum and
V. paradoxa respectively. Available energy (kj) revealed
that S. indicum had 603.04 kj/100 g while V. paradoxa
had 614.12 kj/100 g respectively signaling them as formidable
energy sources. Ascorbic acid analysis revealed 97.36 mg/100 g
and 179.16 mg/100 g in S. indicum and V. paradoxa
respectively. With significant difference (P=0.05) in the contents
of crude proteins, crude lipid, crude carbohydrate, calorific
value and ascorbic acid between the two sampled seeds. Minerals
analysis revealed that the two seeds were rich in most of the
essential minerals required for healthy growth and development.
For instance, sodium was found to be 2.67 mg/100 g in S. indicum
while 2.23 mg/100 g was identified in V. paradoxa. Potassium,
magnesium and phosphorus results indicate that S. indicum
had 56.96 mg/100 g, 62.12 mg/100 g and 76.72 mg/100 g and V.
paradoxa had 46.72 mg/100 g, 31.64 mg/100 g and 116.74 mg/100
g respectively. With significant difference (P=0.05) in the contents
of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus oil extraction and its
physicochemical properties revealed that the two seed contained
substantial amounts of oil with 38.23% in S. indicum
and 43.14% in V. paradoxa respectively. Acid value analysis
showed that S. indicum had 32.14 mg KOH/kg while V.
paradoxa had 33.24 mg KOH/kg. Saponification value analysis
revealed that 131.86 mg KOH in S. indicum while 154.74
mg KOH was found in V. paradoxa. Iodine value analyzed
showed that 116.86 g I2 /100 g in S. indicum while 124.77
g I2 /100 g was obtained in V. paradoxa while % Free
Fatty Acid analysis revealed that S. indicum had 7.63%
while V. paradoxa had 8.74% respectively. With significant
difference (P=0.05) between the two species in percentage yield,
saponification and iodine values between the two seeds. The two
studied seed types are endowed with natural food reserves and
other much needed raw materials that could have industrial application
making the seeds as formidable ingredients required for use by
man.
How to cite this article:
KARAYE I. U., ANKA S. A., MUHAMMAD M. T., ADILI S. I. & LAWAL
M. H. 2024. Nutritional and oil profile of the seeds of Sesamum
indicum L. and Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.
J. Plant Develop. 31: 65-73
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2024.31.1.947
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