Lawal Gandi ABDULKADIR
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Adamu Aliyu ALIERO
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Hassan Muhammad MAISHANU
Department of Plant Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
– Nigeria
Abdullahi Yahaya ABBAS
Department of Environmental Biology, Shehu Shagari University
of Education, Farfaru, Sokoto – Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2024.31.1.964
Keywords: Artemisinin, early vegetative stage
(EVS), mid vegetative stage (MVS), late vegetative stage (LVD),
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
Abstract: Artemisinin is the main antimalarial
compound in Artemisia annua, used in the formulation
of artemisinin-based combined therapies (ACT) to treat malaria.
Artemisinin is largely obtained from A. annua plant but
the content is very low and its production commercially is not
cost effective worldwide. In view of the importance of this phytomolecule
and plants being the only source of its production, this study
evaluated the effect of irrigation interval on the growth and
artemisinin content of A. annua. A greenhouse experiment
was conducted at Botanical Garden of Usmanu Danfodiyo University
Sokoto. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design
with 4 replications. The two factors examined were: (1) irrigation
interval at different growth stage and (2) artemisinin content
of A. annua. Irrigation interval (W) was taken at four
levels (W1, W2, W4, and W6
days interval) while growth stage at three levels: early vegetative
stage (EVS), mid vegetative stage (MVS) and late vegetative stage
(LVD) and artemisinin were determined and quantified using High
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The calibration curve
was constructed by plotting the peak area against the concentration
by the external standard method on five concentration levels of
artemisinin standard (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µg/ml), with
three injections per level. Linear regression was used to establish
the calibration curve. Results were calculated using the peak
areas with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.951.
Results revealed that W2 days irrigation interval had
significantly (p<0.05) affected fresh weight, dry weight, stem
diameter and root length during the EVS. At MVS, irrigation interval
had no significant (P>0.05) effect on plant height and number
of branches but significantly reduces stem diameter. During the
late vegetative stage (LVD), irrigation intervals have no significant
effect on all parameters evaluated. Artemisinin content was not
significantly (P>0.05) affected by irrigation intervals during
the EVS but significantly affected at mid and late vegetative
stage and our result demonstrated that prolong mild irrigation
interval (W2) could significantly enhanced artemisinin
content in A. annua.
How to cite this article:
ABDULKADIR L. G., ALIERO A. A., MAISHANU H. M. & ABBAS A.
Y. 2024. Effect of irrigation interval on growth and artemisinin
content of wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) Chen Young variety in
Sokoto. J. Plant Develop. 31: 75-82
https://doi.org/10.47743/jpd.2024.31.1.964
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